HAHNEMANN'S LIFE CAN BE DIVIDED INTO FIVE EPOCH'S         

          1755-1792: LEHRJAHRE

                        TRAINING YEARS

          1792-1811: PRUFUNGSJAHRE

                    EXPERIMENTAL/PROVING YEARS

          1811-1821: KAMPHJAHRE

                      STRUGGLE YEARS

          1821-1835: MEISTERJAHRE

                     MASTER YEARS

          1835-1843: GLANZJAHRE

                    SPLENDID YEARS

FIRST EPOCH (1755-1792)

TRANING YEARS ( LEHRJAHRE)

On the 10th April 1755, Samuel Hahnemann was born to Johanna Christiana and Christian Gottfried Hahnemann at MEISSEN, SAXONY.

          His studies including Latin, Greek, Hebrew, History, Physics and Botany. His favorite study was medical science and on graduation from Princely School of Arfa, wrote his first thesis is Latin "The wonderful construction of the Human Hand".

          In 1775, at the age of twenty went to LEIPSIC. He began his student life at Leipsic by attending lectures of medicine in the day and translating books at night to earn money.

          At Leipsic he translated the following books, all from English "John Stedman's Physiological Essays", "Nugent of Hydrophobia", "Falconer on the waters of Bath" "Ball's modern practice of Physic".

          At the age of twenty-two, Hahnemann was master of Greek, Latin, English, Italian, Hebrew, Syriac, Arabic, Spanish, Chaldaic and off course German.

1777:  Went to VIENNA, received instructions under celebrated Dr. Von Quarin.

1778:  Went to HETTSTADT, as physician to Baron Von Brickenthal, who had a extensive library. It was here he studied occult sciences.

1779: Joined UNIVERSITY OF ERLANGEN for Graduation in medicine.

10 August 1779: Became MD defending his thesis "A consideration of the Etiology and Therapeutics of Spasmodic affections".

1779-80: Where about not known. Probably Hungary.

1780-1782: DESSAU: Turned his attention to Chemistry at the Apothecary Haseler, perfected himself in Practical pharmacy and chemistry.

1782-84: GOMMERN: settled there and started clinical practice. In 1782. He married Miss Johanna Leopoldine Henriette Kuchler and in 1783 1^st child Henriette was born, this year he translated Chemist Demachy's Art of Manufacturing Chemical products from French.

1784: Original book On treatment of scrofulous sores was published. At this time when little attention was paid to hygiene, Hahnemann devoted considerable space for it.

          Sometime in 1784 Hahnemann quitted medical practice. It has been asserted that Hahnemann was compelled to relinquish at his time the practice of medicine because he was unable to earn a living. This is not true. He was the town physician of Gommern, but he resigned his position in autumn of 1784 simply because he had become disgusted with the errors and uncertainty of the prevalent method of medical practice and wished to seek for some better method.

1784-89: Lived in Dresden

          Dresden, was the home of Arts and Sciences, Dresden gave to Hahnemann ample of opportunity  to the life of scholarly delights that he so greatly desired. Here he did not practice but devoted himself to his translations from the French, English and Italian. He also pursued the study of his favorite Chemistry. He befriended Dr. Wagner and studied medical juris prudence.

          Dr. Wagner appointed him in charge of town hospital for a year, so Hahnemann was not out of touch with medicine. He was well known to the world of medicine, his chemical researches and his mastery to translations of scientific books had also spread his fame beyond his own country. His son, Frederik was born in Dresden in 1786 and also his second daughter Wilhelmma.

          He also interacted with celebrated philologist Adelung, experimentalist Blymenbach and the brilliant chemist Lavoisier. Important translations made by Hahnemann while in Dresden.

1787: Hahnemann translated, Demachy's "Art of making Vinegar", Van Sande's "Detection of Purity and Adulteration of Drugs".

1789: Banmston's "History of the Live of Abelaid and Heloise".

Original works of Hahnemann while at dresden.

1786, a mastery work of "Poisoning by Arsenic, its treatment and judicial investigation". This book marked a new era in the analysis and best modes of detection of arsenical poisoning.

At this time Hahnemann was greatly devoted to Chemistry, and contributed, the following important original essays to Crell's Annals of Chemistry during year 1787-89. Crell's Annals of Chemistry was the first journal of chemistry in German. Hahnemann wrote in it from 1787-94.

          1. On difficulty of preparing soda from potash and kitchen salt.  

          2. On influence of certain gases in the fermentation of wine.

          3. On the wine test for iron and lead.

          4. On Bile and Gallstones.

5. Essay on a new agent in prevention of Putrefaction. He found Lunar

Caustic is an antiseptic in a solution of 1:1000 and observed effects from a solution of 1:100000.

          6. "Unsuccessful Experiments".

          7. "Letter to Crell on Baryata".

          8. Discovery of a new constituent in Plumbago.

          9. Observation on the "Astringent Principles of Plants".

          10. Exact mode of preparing the soluble mercury, 1789.

Gren who had previously attacked Hahnemann on his test for  metals said of this essay "The problem to obtain a preparation of   Mercury which is very soluble in the body acids and yet free from corrosive properties, is fully solved by Hahnemann's Mercurius Solubilis". This preparation was greatly praised by Chemists and Physicians.

11. Instructions concerning venereal disease, together with a new mercurial preparation.

          In 1784, while translating Van den Sande's "Detection of the Purity and Adulteration of Drugs", Hahnemann complaints of the untrustworthiness of pharmaceutical preparations. He shows also earnest efforts to determine the limits of the activity of substances and their solubility. In all his suggestions he is exceedingly accurate. His tests for drugs are concise and correct. He introduces many new discoveries and suggestions for the detection of adulterations.

          It is in this publication that he first gives his celebrated wine test (even used today).
Wine was often sweetened by the addition of Sugar of Lead, which caused colic, emaciation and death. The Wirtemberg Wine test used at that time was very uncertain: Hahnemann's test was Acidulated Sulphureted Hydrogen Water precipitates Arsenic, Lead, Antimony, Silvar, Mercury, Copper, Tin and Bismuth present in suspected fluid. This is hahnemann’s wine test, and today it is a routine test used all over the world in Chemistry labs as test for detection of metals in a solution. With this he detected lead in wine in a solution of the proportion of 1:30000. This test was greatly praised by the chemical and scientific journals of the day.

          We come to the end of the first epoch of Hahnemann's life. Only 10 years before Hahnemann had received his degree as physician and during this time he had become dissatisfied with medical methods of his era.

          In this time he had discovered many valuable facts in Chemistry, has translated several scientific books in German, written number of essays on important subjects never getting out touch from medical practice.

          It is interesting in this connection to note the effect of the life of these 10 years on the future of Hahnemann. It seems that the days passed in the library of Baron Bruckenthal, The practice in Germany, interaction with scholars in Dresden, days of doubt in Gommern all became means to develop and equip Hahnemann for the brilliant discoveries he was soon destined to make.

          In his own words, "Here I quietly witness the providence which destiny assigns to each of my days, the number of which lied in her hands" and so he left Dresden in later part of September 1789 of Leipsic "in order to be nearer to the fountain of sciences".

Second Epoch (1792-1811)

Experimental/ proving years (Prufungsjahre)

          We now come to the year 1790, when translation done by Hahnemann of Cullen's Materia Medica from which must be dated the discovery of the law of similars.

          A very graphic description of these experiments of Hahnemann is given in "Samuel Hahnemann, a Biographical study", as follows:

          To judge of the physiological effect of bark he took several doses as prescribed by the profession for ague. The result was that in his previously healthy system there occurred decided paroxysms resembling those of argue.

          The experiment had carried him further than he anticipated. It had taught him not exact physiological effects of bark; it had shown him that those effects were apparently the same as the symptoms of the disease it was given with undeniable success to cure.

          Does bark, then, he asked produce the same symptoms as it removes?

          Does it alike produce and cure Ague?

          Is it called a Specific for Ague because of this relationship.

          Is the Specific curing power of drugs founded on such a principle?

          Do all specifics uniformly excite a counterfeit disease to that which they remedy?

          Drugs after drug, specific after specific was tested on himself and on the healthy friends with one unvarying result- each remedy of recognized specific power excited a spurious disease resembling that for which it was considered specific.

          Many more symptoms than those diagnostic of any one disease resulted from almost every medicine and aroused a hope in the experimenter's mind of specifically treating a greater number of diseases than had ever been so treated before.

          Besides discovering many valuable medicinal phenomena undreamt of, he verified his discoveries and observations by ransacking the volumes of recorded experiments of Materia Medica and the whole history of poisoning.

          The effects of his investigations was not, therefore, a blind leap from one false theory to another which might be equally fallacious and more mischievous than the former one. Six years were expended in proving drugs and verifying his principle before proclaiming it to the world in 1796.     

          In 1791, Hahnemann received honors from two societies he was elected member of Uekonomische Gesellschaft of Leipzig and also fellow of the Academy of Science of Mayence, Leipsic. This year he translated Grigg's "Advice to the female sex", Young's Annals of Agriculture; Rigby's "Chemical observation of Sugar" and Monros "Medical and Pharmaceutical Chemistry" from English and Metherie’s "Essay on pure Air" from French. 

          Crell reviews Hahnemann's work in Annalen as: "The Translator is Dr. Hahnemann, a man who has rendered many services to science both by his own writings on Chemistry, and by his excellent translations of important foreign works. His services have been already recognized, but deserve to be still more so".

          In 1791, he wrote original articles for Crell's Annalen on "the insolubility of metal's" and " best means of preventing salivation and destructive effects of mercury".

          During the year 1792 Hahnemann's article on Crell's Annalen were "Preparation of Glauber's salts". "Art of wine testing" and in 1792 he also wrote a very important article in Annalen by the name of "Friend to health". This consisted a series of short essays on hygienic subjects and what to do when an epidemic strikes.

          He did not at this time practice medicine. His translations gave little financial support; he had a growing family and poverty led him to remove from Leipsic to a little village of STOTTERITZ.

          In the first part of 1792, an article was published in the paper Reichanzeigh describing a modern asylum for the treatment, of the insane by gentle methods.

          The wife of F.A. Klockenbring the Hanoverian minister of police saw this article and was referred to Hahnemann by the editor. It is to be remembered that during the two years following the translation of Cullen, Hahnemann contributed to experiment upon himself and on his friends and family with different substances. He had tested the truth of his new principle on the sick but yet not announced it to the world.

          In Hahnemann's time the usual treatment of all forms of insanity was by violence, by chains, abuse, whipping and dungeons. Ameke says: "Physician's treated excitable and refracting maniacal patient's like wild animals, corporeal chastisement and nauseating medicines were ordinary means used. Furious maniacs were strapped and on a horizontal board which could be quickly turned on a axis to vertical position, or put in a rotating chair."

          Hahnemann said," I never allow an insane person to be punished either by blows or any other kind of corporeal chastisement, because there is no punishment where  there is no responsibility and because these sufferers deserve only pity and are always rendered worse by such rough treatment and never improved".    

          In 1792 he went to Georgenthal, Gotha to take charge of an asylum for the insane and to treat Klockenbring. As a result of his treatment, Klockenbring returned cured in March 1793, (An account of Hahnemann's treatment of the insanity of Klockenbring was published in 1796, in Teutsch monatschrft).

          Hahnemann left Georgenthal in May 1793 going to MOLSCHLEBEN, near Gotha where he wrote the second part of the "Friend to health", and composed the first part of the "Pharmaceutical lexicon" or Apothecaries dictionary. This work received praise of all the scientific physicians of the day, and became the standard work on pharmacy in Germany. For a period of twenty years all apothecaries consulted his "Pharmaceutical Dictionary".

          Ameke says: "The subjects are arranged alphabetically, and it treats of everything which could be of use to the apothecary in his work. The necessary utensils are carefully described. Each article shows how well Hahnemann understood the subject. He often describes new apparatus invented by him; the apothecary's business of making up prescriptions and his laboratory work are accurately and clearly explained. He gives many directions, which have now become legal enactments. He mentions the rules for the sale of poisons, gives the minutest directions for the care and preparation of drugs, gives the botanical description of remedies, their time of flowering and rules for their collection, and refers to much literature upon this subject. He quotes from more than one hundred works of botanists and zoologists. He recommends the preparation of tinctures from fresh plants. And describes the medicinal uses of many drugs".

          While in MOLSCHLEBEN, he say many children suffering from Crusta lactea and here he treated many with his Hepar sulph. In 1794, shifted to Pyrmont. In 1795, to Wolfenbuttel then to KONIGSLUTTER where he remained from 1795 to 1799.

          At Konifslutter, he finished, " Friend of health" and "Pharmaceutical lexicon". He also wrote an article on ‘Preperation of Cassel Yellow for Cursta Lactea’, on ‘Klochenbrings insainity’ and on ‘Pulverization of lgnatia beans’. He translated from French, Rousseau's "Handbook of mothers". From English "New Edinburg Dispensatory".

          In 1796, while living in Konigslutter, Hahnemann announced in public print his new discovery in medicine, In the Hufeland's journal, Journal der practischen Arzneykunde und Wundarzhekunst. In this jounral, vol.2 part 3 and 4, Hahnemann published the article," Essay on a New Principle for Ascertaining the Curative Powers or Drugs".

          In 1979, again in Hufeland's journals, he published a cure of a case of coccidogynia by means of a medicine producing very similar morbid symptoms (Veratrum album).

          His next Article in the same journal was, "Are the obstacles to certainty and simplicity in practical medicine insurmountable?" At this time Hahnemann was habitually depending on a single remedy and says in this essay that it has been long time since he has given more than one remedy at one time. He also prescribed on the law of similars. He was in the habit of preparing and dispensing his own medicines independent a pharmacies.

          In all his writings he tried to compel medical men to give simple remedies according to a precise law. But it was in vain, they became jealous of his success, for he was now engaged in a successful active practice.       

          In summer of 1799, there was an epidemic of scarlet fever in Konigslutter. Hahnemann was very successful both in prevention and treatment of this epidemic, He gave his own medicines to the patients, not revealing the constituents. The jealous doctors of Konigslutter incited the pharmacies against him, and these brought an action at law against Hahnemann for dispensing his own medicine, he lost the case so he left Konigslutter for Hamburg in 1799.

          On way to Hamburg his carriage met an accident killing his infant son. So he stayed in 1799 at, Altona and in 1800 went to Hamburg.

          Hahnemann's success in prevention and treatment had been so great that the name of the remedy he used was demanded by medical profession.

          In 1801, Hahnemann published of his discovery of the prophylactic properties of Belladonna in scarlet fever called as" Cure and prevention of scarlet fever". His dose: 1 four hundred and thirty two thousandth part of a grain of Belladonna to repeat the dose every 72 hrs.

          This publication did not silence his enemies; they ridiculed his minute doses of belladonna and laughed at its power to prevent the spread of scarlatina. Hahnemann's reply was published in Hufeland's journal as "small doses of medicine in general, and of belladonna in particular" first time publishing his ideas on potentisation.

          Hahnemann remained at Hamburg till 1802 he was persecuted and driven from town to town Mollen to Eilenburg to Machern to Wittenberg to Dessau to finally settling in TORGAU in 1805.

          While living in Torgau, Hahnemann gave up practice but devoted himself to research and writing. In 1803, "Coffee and its Effects", In 1805 while in Torgau he wrote three very important books.

          1. Aesculapius in the balance.

          2. Medicine of Experience (prelude to the organon).

          3. Fragmenta de viribus medicamentorum, positive sive in sano corpore

    humano observatis.

          Fragmenta de viribus medicamentorum, positive sive in sano corpore humano observatis was the first collection ever made of experimentation of medicines upon the healthy body and contains the records of symptoms produced in this manner upon Hahnemann and his fellow provers. On this Book rests Hahnemann’s claim of being the FATHER OF MODERN EXPERIMENTAL PHARMACOLOGY.

          In the year 1806, Hahnemann translated the materia medica of Haller, from Latin. This was the last book he translated, he published the pamphlet "The Medicine of Experience" and it was in Torgue that Hahnemann gave to the world his great book "Organon der Rationellen Heikunde" or Organon of Rational healing in 1810. In Torgue Hahnemann resumed his medical practice and contributed it until the end of his life.

          During 1805-1811, he stayed in Torgue and in the early part of the year 1811 Hahnemann moved to the great medical city of Leipsic, in order to engage more actively on the propagation of his new system by means of didactic lectures.

          This marks the end of the second epoch of Hahnemann life where he experimented, proved and emerged with a new medical system based on the law of similia : Similia Similibus Curentur and a masterpiece the Organon (1st edition) to explain the system.

THIRD EPOCH (1811-1821)

Struggle years (kamphjahre)

          The third epoch of Hahnemann’s life starts from 1811 when he went to the great city of Leipsic, in order to propagate his new system by means of didactic lectures.

          Twenty two years before he came to the same city as a boy and graduated as a young doctor with a promising future, but destiny drove him from Vienna, Hermanstadt, Erlangen, Dessau, Gommern, Dresden, Konigslutter, Georgenthal, Torgau and now with a name well known in all Germany, with a new system of medicine to his credit Hahnemann, a man of fifty six years return to the city of his medical days Leipsic.

          This was an important epoch in Hahnemann's life. Before now he had been driven from place to place, but the jealousy and bigotry of the physicians and their allies, the apothecaries (German Pharmacies). He had endeavored by every possible means that he could devise to persuade the doctors to try the new and simple system.

It had been in vain, and now he gave up all thoughts of argument and of kindliness; persecution had made them bitter. From this time he became most uncompromising for those who would not listen and believe his doctrines. He gave up the idea of modifying the prejudice of the older physicians. He turned to the students and the younger doctors who, as yet, were not so firmly fixed in prejudice, and who were wiling to understand and experiment with these new and startling theories of medicine.

          He soon collected from the students, a select coterie these were Stapf, Gross, Hamburg, Franz, Wislicenus, Teuthorn, Herrmann, Ruckert, Langhammer and Hartmann, these 10 called themselves as the PROVER'S UNIION.

          In 1811, Hahnemann announced a 'Medical Institute' it was supposed to be an institute for graduate physicians. It was supposed to be a six-month's course and according to Hahnemann "A six month's course would be sufficient to enable any intelligent mind to grasp the Homoeopathic law of cure. In this I shall elucidate in every respect the entire Homeopathic system of Healing as taught in Organon and shall make a practical application of it with patients treated in their presence, and thus place my pupils in a condition to be able to practice this system in all cases themselves" but his desire to establish a college with Homoeopathic Hospital attached could not come true.

          So he resolved to give lectures and he gave two lectures weekly on Wednesday and Saturday afternoon, from 2 to 3 'o' clock. These lectures were continued semiannually during his entire stay at Leipsic, from 1812 to 1821.

          Dr. Huck, of Lutzen, wrote thus of his lectures "Though I seldom talk to any one about one of the greatest thinkers of all the centuries, yet I gladly write to you about the man who, by evident proofs of his great ability, has in short time wholly won over to himself the unprejudiced portion of the medical as well as the non-medical learned men of Leipsic. To hear Hahnemann, the keenest and boldest investigator of nature, deliver a masterpiece of his intellect and industry, was to me a truly beatific enjoyment. I returned home as if in a dream, and wildness seems to surrounds me, as I was obliged to acknowledge to myself ' you are not worthy to loose the laces of his shoes'.

          The year 1813 was one of triumph to Hahnemann. The contagious typhus fever prevailed throughout Germany. Hahnemann attended cases of this terrible disease with a success that silenced his critics. In January, 1814, he published in the Allegemeine Anzeiger an article on the treatment of the typhus and gives an account of his success with Bryonia and Rhustox.

          With fame came the old shadows of trial, accusation and falsehood. Hahnemann grew bitter with each criticism. One can readily understand the reasons for this bitterness on the part of this old man, for then he was nearly 60 years of age, he had been laughed at his knowledge and his efforts at conciliation met with calumny and lies.

He had this time at Leipsic ceased to use his former methods of argument. During his stay at Leipsic, he and his provers union kept on working on new medicines and he  published First Vol. of "Reine Arzeimitelle" or Materia Medica Pura in 1811, the second and third volume in 1816 and 1817, the fourth in 1818 and fifth in 1819 and the sixth volume in 1821.

          On 26th June 1812, Hahnemann presented a Latin thesis, entitled 'A medical Historical Dissertation on the Helleborism of the ancients". His son Frederik acted as a respondent. The thesis was a marvel of research and erudition. He proved white hellbore to be identical with the Veratrum album of the present.

          The year 1819 proved to be one of great persecution to the master on December 16, 1819 the pharmacies of Leipsic presented to the city council a memorial stating that Dr. Hahnemann is violating their rights by dispensing his own remedies. On Feb, 9, 1820, he appeared before court. The same year Hahnemann started treating Field Marshal Schwartzenberg.

          Austria Field Marshal, Prince Schwartzenberg, had been affected with several complaints and also with stroke and palsy of right side, and for this he had tried every mode of treat men in vogue, all in vain. Homoeopathy alone had not been tried. Hahnemann was called upon and he took up the case as a desperate measure because he was under suspension by court.

          The first consequences of his new case of the prince was the suspension of the court procedure commenced by apothecaries. The second consequences was to the astonishment of all, the patient felt well and he was seen driving about after a little and died.

          Although the post-mortem proved that no medical skill have been successful in the case yet the issue was damming for Hahnemann. The suspended process of court was immediately resumed, and it was decided that Hahnemann must give up dispensing his own medicines.

          Hahnemann was dammed on all side after the death of Prince the persecutions were redoubled and he was debarred from practice. Hahnemann had now no longer a wish to remain in the ungrateful city of Leipsic and in the spring of 1821, he got a God send opportunity, his highness, the Grand Duke Fredrick of Kothen, extended to Hahnemann an invitation to accept the post of private physician to himself with free privilege of practice according to the feelings of his heart within the limits of the Duchy.

          With joy Hahnemann accepted this post and left Leipsic early in May 1821, never to return. Hahnemann took two of his pupils, Dr. Haynel and Dr. Mossdorf with him.   

Fourth Epoch (1821-1835)

Master years (Meisterjahre)

          Six month after Hahnemann went to Kothen the petition to the Leipsic authorities with regards to the self dispensing of medicines was won in Hahnemann's favor on November 30, 1821, a royal decree was promulgated granting to the Homoeopathic physician, under certain conditions, the right to dispense. This was a formal recognition of the new method of treatment, at Leipsic by Hahnemann preferred to stay at Kothen.

          The house in which Hahnemann lived from 1821-1835, in Kothen is situated in the Wallstrasse and is now used as a Hahnemann museum.

          While living in Kothen he published the 3rd (1824), 4th (1829) and 5th (1833) editions of the "Organon" and the 2nd and 3rd editions of "Materia Medica Pura".

          As has been mentioned the first edition was published in 1810 when Hahnemann was in Torgue. This was not as large as later editions nor does it contain as many footnotes.

          Hahnemann first mentions the word Homoeopathy in the "Organon"; it is composed of two words from the Greek - Homoios i.e. Similar and pthos, suffering.

          He was the one who coined the word Allopathy to designate the members of the dominant school of medicine, which consisted of mega dose of medicine, mainly compounds based on irrational principle. Physicians of the dominant school imagined that they could judge of the remedial virtues of medicinal agents by their color, taste and smell. Venesection and Salvation as well as Bloodsucking by leeches were the mainstay of treatment. For e.g. a person with sciatica was routinely treated by bleeding through venesection, so was Apoplexy. This Hahnemann called Allopathy (Allos- Dissimilar suffering).

          In 1821, Dr. Stapf Published first journal of Homoeopathy at Leipsic which was issued three times a year. It was called "Archiv fur die homoeopathische Heilkunst (Archives for Homoeopathic Healing).

          It was a time at Kothen that Hanemann was away from mainstream of medical world and he was thinking. From 1816 to 1828, Hahnemann had been giving his thoughts to the origin and cure of disease.

          In the year 1827 he made known this theory to Dr. Stapf and Dr. Gross, who begged him not to publish his theory. It would malign already controversial theory of Homoeopathy, but Hahnemann was adamant.

          The result of this thought of 12 years was publications of a most important book in 1828 called as "Chronic Diseases, Their Nature and Homoeopathic treatment". It was issued in 4 volumes. Three volumes in 1828 and the fourth in 1830. Hahnemann was then 73 years old and the theory of miasma shook the medical world both, Allopathic and Homoeopathic.

          The year 1829 was a year of jubilation for Hahnemann and his disciples. On the 10th of August 1829, the great fest jubilee was celebrated, It was fifty years since he graduated from the medical school of Erlangen. The entire town took on a gala dress. From everywhere the friends and former pupils of the old master gladly assembled to do him honors. The Duke and Duchess gave him generous gifts. His fellow town men honored him. It was a red-letter day in the history of Homoeopathy. An official portrait by the celebrated painter Schoppe was unveiled at this event.

          Out of the money raised from the event and sale of Hahnemann's portrait was formed a society "Society for the Promotion and Development of Homoeopathic Medicine". It was called Central Homoeopathic Union. Hahnemann was designated perpetual president. Central Homoeopathic union instrumental in making first Homoeopathic hospital at Leipsic in 1833, whose director was Dr. Muller.

          Hahnemann was greatly pleased and he stated in a letter thus: "I wish in the hospital pure system of Homoeopathy can be shown in the treatment of all kinds of patients, and where it can be demonstrated how successfully diseases can be brought to convalescence in every case of disease. Only by opening a hospital thus conducted we will be able to triumph over old practice and to say:' Come here and look, and be confounded'.      

          In June 1834, Hahnemann visited Leipsic and attended a celebration at this institution. This was the last time Hahnemann was destined to great his disciples in Germany.    

          We now reach a romantic episode in the life of this wonderful man. At the age of 80 he married a wife of 35 on the 28th of January 1835 in Kothen.

Fifth Epoch (1835-1843)

Splendid Years (Glanzjahre)

          Hahnemann left for Paris on June 14th 1835. Having married a rich young French wife, the Marquise Melanie d' Hervilly, he moved to Paris, and at the age of 81 again set up a successful Homoeopathic practice. As he could not have done from the small Saxon town where he had been living for the previous Fourteen years.

          It was in Paris that Hahnemann achieved his greatest renown and where he was at last, honored as he always should have been for his remarkable achievements.

          It was in Paris that he completed the second edition of his Chronic Diseases and his final version of the Organon. It was in Paris that he put into practical effect the implications of his theory of chronic diseases, the ‘Miasm Theory’. It was in Paris that he experimented with high potencies and pushed his conception of the infinitesimal dose to undreamed of lengths in developing the LM potency.

          It was in Paris where he prescribed in the higher potencies, about which he has first written in a note to the fifth edition of Para 287, of The Organon, changing his methods to accommodate the complex, Parisian patients, prescribing in liquid doses frequently repeated, abandoning the familiar practice of giving one dose and waiting for its action to cease before considering any repetition.

          Homoeopathic literature paints a rather poor picture of Melanie but Dr. Puhlmann's account puts her in proper perspective. We know for certain that his second wife took him to her native land, rendered more beautiful the evening of his life associated him in every way in the most confiding and loving manner till the last hour of his death; while, had she been heartless she would have left him to himself or else in the hands of nurses. In a letter to Stapf dates Nov. 14, 1836, Hahnemann states", I live here (In Paris) with my dear wife healthy, happy and honored" and again in a letter to Hearing dates April 20,1838, " I live here (in Paris) highly respected, partly no doubt because my wife is a French women of good family and has a large circle of distinguished friends; and I enjoy better health and spirits than for the past twenty years".

          At this it would be fair to know a little about Melanie. She was a restless soul; she started with painting, then changed to literature and finished with medicine. At twenty-years pretty, tall, elegant, with a fair complexion her face surround with little blonde curls, and her small blue eyes became the companion of a celebrated pupil of David the painter.

          In marrying a painter she married painting, when he died she turned to poetry and married a septuagenarian poet, She now devoted herself in making verses with the same order with which she had set about painting pictures and when the poet died, She married Octogenarian Hahnemann, she now became a revolutionary in medicine. Her devotion to Homoeopathy went the length of fanaticism.

          She took complete care of Hahnemann. She never left him. In his reception room she sat besides his desk at a little table, where she worked like him and for him. She was present at al the consultations whatever might be the patient's sex or disease, gave her advice to Hahnemann in Germany and made up his medicines.

          Hahnemann made remarkable cures in Paris, his fame grew and so did his practice, he lived in a mansion at No 1, Rue de Milan, and earned more than 200,000 francs per annum.

          From privation, trial and calumny; from the peace of Coethen, from distinguished honors of Paris, let us turn to a death calm and dignified.

          For the previous ten years Hahnemann had been every spring a sufferer from that disease of the very old bronchial catarrh. In April 1843, he was again taken with the disease and became seriously ill. He only really suffered just at the end from increasing oppression on the chest. When after one such attack his wife said; ‘providence really owes you exemption from all suffering, as you have relieved so many others and have suffered so many hardships in your arduous life’, he answered; ' why should I exception from suffering? Everyone in this world works according to the gift and powers, which he received from providence, each man here below works as God gives him strength, and meets with a greater or less reward at the judgment seat on man; but he can claim no reward at the judgment seat of God. God owes me nothing, but I owe God much, yea all".

          The end came at 5 a.m. July 2, 1843. He was 89. On July 11, 1843 a common horse drove into the courtyard of the mansion in the Faubourg St. Honore, the coffin was put into it, and the horse was driven off to the Montmartre cemetery, followed of foot by the bereaved widow; by Hahnemann's daughter, Madame Liebe and her son, and a young doctor named Lethiere.

          The body of Hahnemann was consigned to an old vault without any ceremony, religious or otherwise, and to this day, we understand, there is no tombstone or inscription to distinguish his obscure grave so it would now be difficult, if not impossible to discover the last resting place of the great man.

                             Albert writes:

No splendid monument is required for Hahnemann.
Over his tomb,lingers the heaven born consciousness
of a life devoted to duty, science art,
the welfare of mankind and the service of God.
By the side of this Angel stands another, the certainty
that nothing really good, really beneficial, can ever perish.
A third angel hovers there,
Revealing to our gaze the name of Hahnemann,
And the significant words

‘Non inutilis vixi'

'Not lived in Vain'